according to written history documents what was jesus arrested for
Why Did Judas Identify Jesus with a Kiss?
The Tardily Hershel Shanks's Outset Person from the January/February 2014 upshot of BAR
Hershel Shanks April 05, 2022 98 Comments 43550 views
I've been reading a volume titled Pseudo-Cyril of Jerusalem "On the Life and the Passion of Christ": A Coptic Apocryphon by the Dutch scholar Roelof van den Broek.one In case it has escaped your attending, it provides a new translation of an eighth-century Gnostic gospel in Coptic from Egypt that has been in the Morgan Library in New York since 1908, a gift of J.P. Morgan.
This text explains why Judas Iscariot identified Jesus with a osculation and then that the Roman soldiers could arrest him, as related in three approved gospels (Matthew 26:48; Mark fourteen:44; Luke 22:47). According to this late Gnostic gospel, that was the just way the Roman soldiers could be sure they had the right man. The reason was that Jesus could change his features:
"How shall nosotros abort him," the Jews ask, "for he does not have a single shape, but his advent changes. Sometimes he is scarlet, sometimes he is white, sometimes he is cherry, sometimes he is wheat-colored, sometimes he is pallid similar ascetics, sometimes he is a youth, sometimes an old man, sometimes his hair is straight and black, sometimes it is curled, sometimes he is tall, sometimes he is short." They "have never seen him in 1 and the same appearance."
Jesus could also get completely incorporeal. Jesus explains that, if he wished, he could escape crucifixion in this style.
The idea of a shape-changing Jesus is not new. It goes back equally far equally Origen in the third century. Co-ordinate to Origen, Jesus would appear differently to people who saw him at the same fourth dimension.
Van den Broek is careful to note that he is not suggesting that Jesus was in fact shape changing but just that some people in early Christian times may have thought he was.
This brings to mind some other contempo find with an unusual claim about Jesus—that he had a wife! In a papyrus fragment the size of a credit card, Jesus is speaking in the first person and refers to "my wife." This Coptic fragment appears to take come up from a Gnostic gospel of the 4th century and has been studied by Harvard Divinity School's Karen Male monarch, who holds the oldest endowed academic chair in the United States. She has written a lengthy scholarly article on the fragment—dubbed the "Gospel of Jesus' Wife"—that was accepted for publication by the prestigious Harvard Theological Review (meet article.) Like van den Broek, Rex was careful to land (repeatedly) that this gospel fragment "provides no reliable historical information" as to whether Jesus was married, only that "some Christians depicted Jesus as married." The claim that Jesus was married "arose over a century afterward the death of Jesus in the context of intra-Christian controversies over sexuality, marriage and discipleship."
King was besides conscientious to consider the possibility that the gospel fragment, which came from the antiquities market at least 30 years ago, was a forgery: "We took into serious consideration whether this was a genuine ancient text or a modern forgery," she wrote. Two leading experts plant that information technology was authentic, and various tests were applied. After her own study, King concluded that "although the actuality is not absolutely settled across any question, nosotros are sufficiently confident to offering our results here."
Afterward word got out that the fragment referred to Jesus' wife, the Harvard Theological Review changed its heed about publishing King's article. Information technology had been scheduled for publication in January 2013. Under what pressure level, we exercise not know, but the fact is that publication was postponed indefinitely—until the results of some unnamed tests by some unknown entities confirm the authenticity of the fragment. The magazine refused to divulge who would be conducting the tests or what they were. They referred to "various reports" that were expected, indicating that more than one examination was to be fabricated. The results of the tests, we were told, would be "ready for publication—hopefully early to mid-summer [2013]."a Equally of this writing, no information nearly these tests has been released, and the authorities still refuse to divulge who is doing the testing and what the tests are.
Why the departure betwixt the reaction to Rex'due south article, on the one hand, and van den Broek'due south book, on the other? One refers to Jesus' wife, and the other describes Jesus' ability to change his appearance drastically. Is one more cursing than the other?
Several reasons have been suggested. Perhaps the question of Jesus' sexuality is a more than sensitive topic. Or perhaps the difference is that King's analysis became public before information technology was published in the Harvard Theological Review, while the public learned of van den Broek'southward shape-irresolute Jesus only after his book had been published. Or peradventure it was the fact that Rex's gospel fragment "contains the kickoff known statement that explicitly claims Jesus had a wife," while references to Jesus' shape-changing abilities were widely known previously in the scholarly customs. Or possibly it was because there is no question most the actuality of the document describing the shape-changing Jesus (it was bought from a monastery).
In any upshot, scholars are advised to footstep carefully when dealing with certain notions well-nigh Jesus held past some early Christians.
The Harvard Theological Review finally published Karen King'southward newspaper on the Gospel of Jesus' Wife in its April 2014 issue—along with several other articles on the Coptic papyrus fragment. Read almost how the scholarly customs has responded to recent tests conducted to determine its authenticity every bit well as why one Coptic manuscripts practiced believes he has demonstrated that the gospel is a forgery.
Notes:
i. Roelof van den Broek, Pseudo-Cyril of Jerusalem "On the Life and Passion of Christ": A Coptic Apocryphon (Leiden: Brill, 2013). Its retail price is $140.
a. Meet Strata: In Their Own Words: "Stop the Presses: Report on 'Gospel of Jesus' Wife' Due Out Mid-Summer," BAR 39:04.
Source: https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/why-did-judas-identify-jesus-with-a-kiss/
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